Success Story - 1
Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Cotton
Background :
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is one of the most important commercial fibre cash crop that is cultivated all over the world. India ranks 1st in the world with regards to area and 2nd in production. It is commonly referred as “White Gold” and also known as “King of apparel fiber”. It has play a dominant role in the industrial and agricultural economy of the country. The seed of cotton is potential source of edible oil. It belongs to the family Malvaceae and genus gossypium. The key factors for instability and low yield are mainly heavy insect pest attack and disease incidence. The sucking pest and bollworms on an average causes 50 to 60 percent loss of seed cotton yield.
In view of its great importance as a cash crop and its susceptibility to insect pest cotton receives a disproportionately large share of pesticides. In india the insect pest reduces cotton crop production by around 50% . Considering the need frontline demonstration (FLD) was carried out on Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Cotton for need based pest and disease management.
Interventions:
Frontline demonstrations were carried out on farmers field on Integrated pest and disease management in Bt Cotton during 2020-21, 2021-22 and 2022-23 at Mangrul (Bk) village Tq. Manwat Dist. Parbhani and at Mandakhali village Tq. Dist. Parbhani of Maharashtra state on 12 ha area.
Process:
The selected farmers were trained by conducting method demonstrations on installation of Yellow sticky traps, installation of pheromone traps etc. During adoption of Integrated Pest and Disease Management technology different activities were carried out like regular trainings, visits to the demonstration fields by KVK scientists ensured proper guidance to the farmers. Field days and diagnostic visits also organized to aware farmers about IPDM technology, proper guidance was provided about sowing date, spacing, soil test based nutrient management, irrigation and plant protection measures. Yield data were collected from both demonstrations (FLD) plots as well as control plots (Farmers practices). Accordingly cost of cultivation, net income and benefit cost ratio (B:C) were worked out..
Technology:
Integrated pest and disease management in Cottonincludes the critical IPDM inputs and interventions like growing of trap crops (Merigold, cowpea, castor), intercropping with green gram, use of yellow sticky traps, installation of pheromone traps and bird purchaser, spraying with Azadirectin, need based spraying with flonicamide 50 WG, immamectin benzoate 5 SG and for disease control need based spraying with carbendazim 50% WP were provided to the farmers.
Impact:
Mrs.Madhumati Tulsidas Siral obtained highest yield i.e 22.50 q/ha during 2022-23 as compared to other farmers due to the full adoption of IPDM technology in cotton as result of this technology horizontally spreads in large number of villages of Parbhani district.
Horizontal spread:
Presently under direct supervision of KVK Scientist in 60 villages more than 12000 farmers were adopting this method of production. More number of farmers are now adopting IPDM practices and feel happy to be a part of Sustainable cotton production system.
Economic gains:
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Performance of technology during 2020-21 (Increase in productivity and returns) |
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Practice used |
Yield (q/ha) |
Gross cost (Rs./ha) |
Gross income (Rs./ha) |
Net income (Rs./ha) |
B:C ratio |
|
Farmers practices |
14.20 |
52000/- |
79520/- |
27520/- |
1.53 |
|
Demonstration (IPDM) |
18.95 |
47000/- |
106120/- |
59120/- |
2.26 |
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% increase in demonstration plot |
33.45 |
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|
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Pandit Wamanrao Sakhare |
20.00 |
47000/- |
112000/- |
65000/- |
2.38 |
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Market price @ Rs. 5600/q |
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Performance of technology during 2021-22 (Increase in productivity and returns) |
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Practice used |
Yield (q/ha) |
Gross cost (Rs./ha) |
Gross income (Rs./ha) |
Net income (Rs./ha) |
B:C ratio |
|
Farmers practices |
15.02 |
52000/- |
127670/- |
75670/- |
2.45 |
|
Demonstration (IPDM) |
17.90 |
47000/- |
152150/- |
105150/- |
3.23 |
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% increase in demonstration plot |
19.17 |
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|
|
|
Jayashri Pandharinath Maske |
20.50 |
47000/- |
174250/- |
127250/- |
3.70 |
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Market price @ Rs. 8500/q |
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Performance of technology during 2022-23 (Increase in productivity and returns) |
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Practice used |
Yield (q/ha) |
Gross cost (Rs./ha) |
Gross income (Rs./ha) |
Net income (Rs./ha) |
B:C ratio |
|
Farmers practices |
15.50 |
59875/- |
124000/- |
64125/- |
2.07 |
|
Demonstration (IPDM) |
16.40 |
53625/- |
131200/- |
77575/- |
2.45 |
|
% increase in demonstration plot |
05.80 |
|
|
|
|
|
Mrs.Madhumati Tulsidas Siral |
22.50 |
53625/- |
180000/- |
126375/- |
3.35 |
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Market price @ Rs. 8000/q |
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Demonstrations were conducted under rainfed farming situation. Total 10 demonstrations on 4 ha of area were organized each year.
Results shows that average yield during 2020-21 of demonstration plot were 18.95 q/ha as compared with check (14.20 q/ha). There was 33.45 percent increase in yield over local check. As regards with highest yield is concerned it was 20.00 q/ha in demonstration, whereas, lowest yield of 17.50 q/ha in demonstration was observed. As regards to economics of overall demonstrations, it is found that demonstrated farmers were getting returns of 2.26 cost benefit ratio against local check 1.53. Whereas, highest yield of 20.00 q/ha was observed in demonstration field of Pandit Wamanrao Sakhare with B:C ratio of 2.38 and 40.84 percent increase over check.
During 2021-22 Results shows that average yield of demonstration plot were 17.90 q/ha as compared with check (15.02 q/ha). There was 19.17 percent increase in yield over local check. As regards with highest yield is concerned it was 20.50 q/ha in demonstration, whereas, lowest yield of 16.25 q/ha in demonstration was observed. As regards to economics of overall demonstrations, it is found that demonstrated farmers were getting returns of 3.23 cost benefit ratio against local check 2.45. whereas, highest yield of 20.50 q/ha was observed in demonstration field of Jayashri Pandharinath Maske with B:C ratio of 3.70 and 36.48 percent increase over check.
Whereas, during 2022-23 Results shows that average yield of demonstration plot were 16.40 q/ha as compared with check (15.50 q/ha). There was 05.80 percent increase in yield over local check. As regards with highest yield is concerned it was 22.50 q/ha in demonstration, whereas, lowest yield of 13.00 q/ha in demonstration was observed. As regards to economics of overall demonstrations, it is found that demonstrated farmers were getting returns of 2.45 cost benefit ratio against local check 2.07. Whereas, highest yield of 22.50 q/ha was observed in demonstration field of Mrs.Madhumati Tulsidas Siral with B:C ratio of 3.35 and 45.16 percent increase over check.